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[(at)-337.6(different)-334.9(optical)-333(wedge)-337(angles.)]TJ /F4 1 Tf 8.9663 0 0 8.9663 62.022 679.7478 Tm (Results)Tj /F11 1 Tf 0 -1.8336 TD [(Calculation)-335(results)-333(of)-336.7(spot)-334.4(diameter)-331.8(and)-335.7(uence)]TJ /F6 1 Tf 9.843 0 0 9.843 72 646.866 Tm [(The)-259.1(focused)-257.5(sp)21(ot)-238.5(di)20.7(am)18.5(et)19.5(er)-239.5(\()]TJ /F12 1 Tf 11.0932 0 TD (x)Tj /F8 1 Tf 7.3823 0 0 6.5614 188.1637 645.2219 Tm (0)Tj /F6 1 Tf 9.843 0 0 9.843 191.7921 646.866 Tm [(\))-248.7(w)0(a)18.8(s)-242.8(ca)18.5(lc)13.8(ul)20.7(at)19.5(ed)-239.5(as)-233.6(23)15.1(.)13.9(6)]TJ /F12 1 Tf 9.5438 0 TD (l)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5414 0 TD (m.)Tj -23.2692 -1.1116 TD [(Wh)18.6(en)-366.2(th)20.7(e)-376.6(r)0(e)19.7(p)0(e)19.7(t)0(i)20.6(t)0(i)20.6(o)0(n)-365.1(r)0(a)14(t)0(e)-360.6(i)0(s)-370.8(5)0(0)-146.2(k)0(H)20(z)-376.6(an)19.7(d)-375.5(t)0(h)20.7(e)-370.9(se)14.1(t)-375.6(v)0(a)19.7(l)0(u)20.7(e)-376.6(of)-365(th)20.7(e)]TJ T* [(la)19.5(se)19.9(r)-410(p)0(u)20.8(l)0(s)20.9(e)-405.4(en)19.7(er)13.9(gy)-393.9(pe)19.7(rc)19.7(en)19.7(ta)19.6(ge)-400.8(is)-393.8(60)20.8(%,)-397.3(th)20.7(e)-405.4(l)0(a)13.8(s)0(e)19.9(r)-404.2(po)20.8(we)18.8(r)-410(w)0(a)18.8(s)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(2.)18.5(04)-226.8(W,)-231.4(an)19.7(d)-243(t)0(h)20.7(e)-244.2(u)21(en)19.7(ce)-229.1(\()]TJ /F8 1 Tf 9.9125 0 TD (F)Tj /F6 1 Tf .6048 0 TD [(\))-243(w)0(a)18.8(s)-242.8(ca)18.5(lc)19.6(ul)20.7(at)19.5(ed)-233.7(as)-227.8(9.)18.5(32)-146.2(J/)20.9(cm)]TJ 7.3823 0 0 6.5614 277.5117 618.4061 Tm (2)Tj 9.843 0 0 9.843 281.1401 613.9841 Tm .2396 Tc [(.T)239.6(h)259.2(e)]TJ -22.2613 -1.1116 TD 0 Tc [(re)19.7(la)19.6(ti)14.8(on)20.8(sh)21(ip)-255.8(be)19.7(tw)19.8(ee)12.8(n)-266(t)0(h)20.7(e)-267.2(pe)19.7(rc)19.7(en)19.7(ta)13.8(ge)-256.8(of)-255.6(po)20.8(we)18.8(r)-271.8(a)0(n)19.7(d)-266(th)20.7(e)-273()0(u)21(e)0(n)19.7(c)0(e)]TJ T* [(us)21(ed)-314.4(in)-313.3(th)20.7(is)-313.2(ex)13.9(pe)19.7(ri)20.7(me)18.4(nt)-313.4(is)-313.2(sh)21(ow)20(n)-323.6(i)0(n)-313.3(T)0(a)18.5(b)0(l)20.7(e)-324.8(2.)]TJ /F11 1 Tf 8.9663 0 0 8.9663 62.022 568.6298 Tm [(Ablation)-335.5(efciency)-334.3(of)-330.4(the)-334.8(restorative)-334.8(materials)]TJ /F6 1 Tf 9.843 0 0 9.843 72 552.1888 Tm [(Among)-416.6(the)-419.3(restorative)-418.9(materials,)-421.4(the)-419.3(ablation)-414.7(diameters)]TJ -1.0137 -1.1116 TD [(have)-444.5(been)-450.2(fo)20.9(un)20.8(d)-433.1(t)0(o)-422.8(b)0(e)-423.8(p)0(o)15.1(s)0(i)20.9(t)0(i)20.6(v)0(e)19.7(l)0(y)-422.8(r)0(e)14(l)0(a)19.6(t)0(e)19.6(d)-433.1(to)-422.8(op)20.8(ti)20.6(ca)18.5(l)-439(w)0(e)18.8(d)0(g)20.8(e)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(an)19.7(gl)20.7(es)14.1(,)-274.1(a)0(n)19.7(d)-283.3(th)20.7(e)-278.7(s)0(p)21(e)0(c)18.5(i)0()20.9(c)-284.5(va)19.7(ri)20.7(at)19.5(io)20.7(n)-277.6(t)0(r)15(e)0(n)19.7(d)-277.6(wa)18.8(s)-277.4(s)0(h)21(o)0(w)14.2(n)-277.6(in)-267.3(Fi)20.9(g.)-269.5(2a)19.7(.)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(Th)19.6(e)-301.8(t)0(r)20.7(e)0(n)19.7(d)-294.8(of)-290.2(fo)20.9(ur)-290.2(ki)20.7(nd)20.8(s)-294.6(o)0(f)-290.1(r)0(e)19.7(s)0(t)20.9(o)0(r)15.1(a)0(t)19.5(i)0(v)20.7(e)-296(ma)18.4(te)19.6(ri)15(al)-285.7(cu)19.7(rv)20.9(es)-291.2(is)-290.1(ve)19.7(ry)]TJ T* [(co)19.7(ns)21(is)15.1(te)19.5(nt)20.7(.)-354.8(T)0(h)19.6(e)-359.4(di)20.7(am)18.5(et)19.5(er)19.7(s)-358(c)0(h)19.7(a)0(r)19.7(g)0(e)-348.9(w)0(i)19.8(t)0(h)-347.9(t)0(h)20.7(e)-353.6(an)13.9(gl)20.7(es)19.9(.)-354.8(W)0(h)18.6(e)0(n)-348.9(t)0(h)20.7(e)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(op)20.8(ti)20.6(ca)18.5(l)-404.4(w)0(e)18.8(d)0(g)20.8(e)-399.7(an)19.7(gl)20.7(e)-399.7(r)0(e)19.7(a)0(c)18.5(h)0(e)19.7(d)-404.3(80)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 13.0342 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .3859 0 TD [(,)-395.1(t)0(h)20.7(e)-405.4(ab)19.7(la)19.6(ti)20.6(on)-388.1(di)20.7(am)18.5(et)19.6(er)19.7(s)-404.1(o)0(f)]TJ -13.4201 -1.1116 TD [(go)20.8(ld)-324.9(al)19.5(lo)15(y,)-321.3(pu)20.8(re)-331.6(ti)20.6(ta)19.6(ni)20.7(um)19.6(,)-337.5(c)0(o)19.7(b)0(a)19.7(l)0(t)20.6(-)0(c)19.7(h)0(r)20.9(o)0(m)19.6(i)0(u)20.7(m)-336.4(al)19.5(lo)15(y,)-321.3(an)19.7(d)-335.2(z)0(i)19.5(r)0(c)14(o)0(-)]TJ T* [(ni)20.7(a)-503.4(r)0(e)19.7(a)0(c)18.5(h)0(e)19.7(d)-502.2(14)20.8(48)20.8(.3)18.5(3)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 8.6108 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7084 0 TD [(5.)18.5(7,)-488.3(14)15.1(37)20.8(.)13.9(2)0(0)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 5.3104 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7084 0 TD [(1.)24.3(90)15.1(,)-498.8(1)0(4)20.8(1)0(5)20.8(.)0(4)18.5(0)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 5.7943 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7084 0 TD [(11)20.8(.9)18.5(5,)]TJ -21.8408 -1.1116 TD -.02 Tc [(a)-20(n)-.3(d)-274.5(1)-20(39)-20(2.)-20(90)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 5.0167 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7084 0 TD [(2.)18.5(09)]TJ /F12 1 Tf 1.8777 0 TD (l)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5414 0 TD [(m,)-241.9(re)14(sp)21(ec)18.5(ti)20.6(ve)19.7(ly)20.7(.)-256.9(I)0(t)-244.2(i)0(s)-238.3(3)0(.)18.5(5)0()20.8(4)0(.)18.5(7)-254.5(ti)20.6(me)18.4(s)-254.3(o)0(f)-244.1(t)0(h)20.7(e)]TJ -8.1442 -1.1174 TD [(ab)19.7(la)19.5(ti)20.6(on)-313.2(di)15(am)18.5(et)19.5(er)-314.4(wh)20(en)-314.4(th)20.7(e)-324.8(l)0(a)19.6(s)0(e)19.9(r)-323.6(is)-313.2(ve)19.7(rt)20.7(ic)19.6(al)19.5(ly)-313.3(in)15(ci)19.6(de)19.7(nt)20.7(.)]TJ 1.0137 -1.1116 TD [(As)-279.3(the)-275.3(number)-279.7(wedge)-279.4(angles)-279.6(in)20.7(cr)14(ea)18.5(se)19.9(d,)-258(th)20.7(e)-267.2(a)0(b)19.7(l)0(a)19.6(t)0(i)20.6(o)0(n)-261.4(d)0(e)19.7(p)0(t)20.7(h)]TJ -1.0137 -1.1116 TD [(r)21(st)-416.8(in)20.7(cr)19.7(ea)18.5(se)19.9(d)-427.3(a)0(n)19.7(d)-421.6(th)20.7(en)-418.1(de)19.7(cr)19.7(ea)18.5(se)19.9(d.)-413.5(Th)19.6(e)-428.5(d)0(e)19.7(t)0(a)19.6(i)0(l)20.6(e)0(d)-418.1(r)0(e)19.7(s)0(u)21(l)0(t)20.6(s)-427.1(ar)19.7(e)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(sh)21(ow)20(n)-260.3(i)0(n)-250(F)0(i)20.9(g)0(.)-246.4(2)0(b)20.8(.)-256.9(Th)13.9(e)-255.7(d)0(e)19.7(e)0(p)19.7(e)0(s)19.9(t)-260.4(de)19.7(pt)20.7(h)-260.3(o)0(f)-249.8(z)0(i)19.5(r)0(c)19.7(o)0(n)20.8(i)0(a)-251.2(w)0(a)18.8(s)-254.3(ob)15.1(ta)19.5(in)20.7(ed)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(at)-349.1(40)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 2.0562 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .3859 0 TD [(,)-354.8(w)0(h)20(e)0(r)19.7(e)0(a)18.5(s)-352.2(ot)14.9(he)19.7(r)-352.4(t)0(h)20.7(r)0(e)19.7(e)-359.4(ma)18.4(te)19.6(ri)20.7(al)19.5(s)-358(r)0(e)19.7(a)0(c)18.5(h)0(e)19.7(d)-352.4(th)15(e)-353.6(d)0(e)19.7(e)0(p)19.7(e)0(s)19.9(t)-358.3(at)]TJ -2.4421 -1.1116 TD (20)Tj /F7 1 Tf .9791 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .3859 0 TD [(.)-279.9(A)0(f)20(t)0(e)19.5(r)-283.3(th)20.7(at)19.6(,)-279.9(t)0(h)20.7(e)-278.7(de)19.7(pt)20.7(h)-277.6(d)0(e)19.7(c)0(r)13.9(e)0(a)18.5(s)0(e)19.9(d)-277.6(as)-268.1(th)20.7(e)-284.5(a)0(n)19.7(g)0(l)20.7(e)-278.7(co)19.7(nt)20.7(in)20.7(ue)13.9(d)-277.6(t)0(o)]TJ -1.3651 -1.1174 TD [(in)20.7(cr)19.7(ea)18.5(se)14.1(.)-279.9(A)0(f)20(t)0(e)13.8(r)-283.3(50)-146.2(se)19.9(c)-284.5(a)0(b)19.7(l)0(a)19.6(t)0(i)20.6(o)0(n)20.8(,)-285.7(th)20.7(e)-284.5(m)0(a)18.4(x)0(i)20.7(m)0(u)19.6(m)-284.5(ab)19.7(la)19.6(ti)20.6(on)-272.9(de)19.7(pt)14.9(hs)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(of)-537.8(go)20.8(ld)-532.2(al)13.8(lo)20.7(y,)-534.4(pu)20.8(re)-539(ti)20.6(ta)19.6(ni)20.7(um)19.6(,)-544.8(c)0(o)19.7(b)0(a)19.7(l)0(t)20.6(-)0(c)14(h)0(r)20.9(o)0(m)19.6(i)0(u)20.7(m)-543.7(al)19.5(lo)15(y,)-534.4(an)19.7(d)]TJ T* [(zi)19.5(rc)19.7(on)20.8(ia)-412.4(we)18.8(re)-412.3(78)20.8(0.)18.5(60)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 8.772 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7084 0 TD [(1.)18.5(84)20.8(,)-423.9(8)0(1)20.8(9)0(.)24.3(7)0(3)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 5.2298 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7084 0 TD [(1.)18.5(96)20.8(,)-418.1(1)0(0)20.8(4)0(8)20.8(.)0(9)18.5(0)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 5.7136 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7084 0 TD [(10)20.8(.3)18.5(6,)]TJ -21.8408 -1.1116 TD [(an)19.7(d)-323.6(7)0(6)20.8(0)0(.)18.5(9)0(7)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 4.5962 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7084 0 TD [(10)20.8(.6)18.5(6)]TJ /F12 1 Tf 2.3672 0 TD (l)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5414 0 TD [(m,)-316.8(re)19.7(sp)21(ec)18.5(ti)20.6(ve)19.7(ly)15(.)]TJ -7.1996 -1.1174 TD [(Ablation)-270.4(ef)14(c)19.8(ie)19.6(nc)19.7(y)-260.3(c)0(o)19.7(n)0(t)20.7(i)0(n)15(u)0(e)19.7(d)-260.3(to)-250(in)20.7(cr)19.7(ea)18.5(se)-256.6(wi)19.8(th)-250(th)20.7(e)-261.4(i)0(n)20.7(c)0(r)13.9(e)0(a)18.5(s)0(e)]TJ -1.0137 -1.1116 TD [(of)-244.1(op)20.8(ti)20.6(ca)18.5(l)-254.7(w)0(e)18.8(d)0(g)20.8(e)-255.7(an)19.7(gl)20.7(e,)-241.8(as)-245.1(sh)21(ow)20(n)-254.5(i)0(n)-244.2(F)0(i)20.9(g)0(.)-240.7(2)0(c)19.7(.)-256.9(Th)19.6(e)-249.9(r)0(e)19.7(s)0(u)15.3(l)0(t)20.6(s)-254.3(sh)21(ow)]TJ T* [(th)20.7(at)-331.8(wh)20(en)-331.7(th)20.7(e)-342.1(w)0(e)18.8(d)0(g)20.8(e)-342.1(an)19.7(gl)20.7(e)-342.1(i)0(s)-330.4(8)0(0)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 13.2185 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .3859 0 TD [(,)-337.5(t)0(h)20.7(e)-342.1(ab)19.7(la)19.6(ti)20.6(on)-330.5(ef)19.7(c)14.1(ie)19.6(nc)19.7(y)-340.9(o)0(f)]TJ -13.6044 -1.1174 TD [(th)20.7(e)-255.7(f)0(o)15.1(u)0(r)-244.1(m)0(a)18.4(t)0(e)19.6(r)0(i)20.7(a)0(l)19.5(s)-260.1(is)-244(in)20.7(cr)19.7(ea)18.5(se)14.1(d)-254.5(b)0(y)-244.1(6)0(5)20.8(.)0(2)18.5()0(2)20.8(0)0(8)20.8(.)0(1)-246.4(t)0(i)20.6(m)0(e)18.4(s)-260.1(co)19.7(mp)19.6(ar)19.7(ed)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(wi)19.8(th)-313.4(th)20.7(at)-314.5(wh)20(en)-314.4(th)20.7(e)-324.8(l)0(a)19.5(s)0(e)14.1(r)-323.6(is)-313.2(ve)19.7(rt)20.7(ic)19.6(al)19.5(ly)-313.4(in)20.7(ci)19.5(de)19.7(nt)15(.)]TJ /F11 1 Tf 8.9663 0 0 8.9663 62.022 276.6613 Tm [(Ablation)-335.5(efciency)-334.3(of)-330.4(dental)-334.3(hard)-337.8(tissue)]TJ /F6 1 Tf 9.843 0 0 9.843 72 260.2204 Tm [(For)-233.5(the)-240.7(tooth)-236.2(hard)-235.9(tissue,)-235.7(the)-240.7(ablation)-236.2(diameter,)-241.8(depth,)-234.9(and)]TJ -1.0137 -1.1116 TD [(efciency)-337(of)-336.2(the)-338.7(tooth)-334.1(showed)-336.8(an)-331.7(increasing)-342.8(trend)-335.1(with)-333.8(the)]TJ T* [(increase)-353.2(of)-324.7(th)20.7(e)-342.1(o)0(p)20.8(t)0(i)20.6(c)0(a)18.5(l)-335.3(we)18.8(dg)20.8(e)-342.1(a)0(n)19.7(g)0(l)20.7(e)-336.3(un)20.8(de)19.7(r)-340.9(t)0(h)20.7(e)-336.3(la)19.6(se)19.9(r)-340.9(p)0(a)19.7(r)0(a)19.7(m)0(e)18.4(-)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(te)19.5(rs)21.1(.)-320.2(T)0(h)19.6(e)-319(ch)19.7(an)13.9(ge)-308.6(of)-307.4(di)20.7(am)18.5(et)19.5(er)-308.6(is)-313.2(ba)19.7(si)20.9(ca)18.5(ll)20.6(y)-323.6(t)0(h)20.7(e)-319(sa)19.9(me)-309.9(as)-308.4(th)20.7(at)-314.5(of)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(th)20.7(e)-417(r)0(e)19.7(s)0(t)20.9(o)0(r)20.9(a)0(t)19.5(i)0(v)15(e)-411.2(ma)18.4(te)19.6(ri)20.7(al)19.5(s)-415.6(w)0(h)20(i)0(l)20.6(e)-417(th)20.7(e)-411.2(d)0(e)19.7(p)0(t)20.7(h)-415.8(in)20.7(cr)19.7(ea)18.5(se)19.9(s)-415.6(s)0(u)21(b)0(s)15.3(t)0(a)19.6(n)0(-)]TJ T* [(ti)20.6(al)19.6(ly)-238.5(wi)19.8(th)-232.7(th)20.7(e)-244.2(a)0(n)13.9(g)0(l)20.7(e)0(.)-236.1(A)0(t)-233.6(t)0(h)20.7(e)-244.2(sa)19.9(me)-235(ti)14.8(m)15(e)0(,)-236.1(t)0(h)20.7(e)-249.9(ab)19.7(la)19.6(ti)20.6(on)-232.6(ef)19.7(c)14.1(ie)19.6(nc)19.7(y)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(al)19.5(so)-399.4(in)20.7(cr)19.7(ea)18.5(se)14.1(s)-404.1(r)0(a)14(p)0(i)20.7(d)0(l)20.7(y)0(.)-396.2(T)0(h)19.6(e)-411.2(sp)21(ec)18.5(i)20.9(c)-411.2(c)0(h)19.7(a)0(n)19.7(g)0(e)19.7(s)-409.8(of)-399.6(en)19.7(am)18.5(el)-400.9(an)19.7(d)]TJ 25.504 36.1767 TD [(de)13.9(nt)20.7(in)-440.1(ab)13.9(la)19.6(ti)20.6(on)-439.9(ef)14(fe)19.7(ct)19.5(s)-455.9(a)0(r)19.7(e)-451.5(sh)15.3(ow)20(n)-450.4(i)0(n)-445.8(F)0(i)20.9(g)0(s)21(.)-458.4(3)-450.3(a)0(n)19.7(d)-456.1(4.)-442.3(Wh)18.6(en)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(th)15(e)-365.1(w)0(e)18.8(d)0(g)20.8(e)-365.1(an)19.7(gl)20.7(e)-370.9(w)0(a)18.8(s)-363.8(40)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 9.8952 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .3859 0 TD [(,)-366.3(t)0(h)20.7(e)-365.1(ab)19.7(la)13.8(ti)20.6(on)-353.5(ef)19.7(c)19.8(ie)19.5(nc)13.9(y)-364(o)0(f)-353.5(e)0(n)19.7(a)0(m)18.4(e)0(l)]TJ -10.2811 -1.1116 TD [(an)13.9(d)-565.5(d)0(e)19.7(n)0(t)15(i)0(n)-555.3(w)0(a)18.8(s)-571.1(20)20.8(8.)18.5(1)-571.3(t)0(i)20.6(m)0(e)18.4(s)-571.1(an)19.7(d)-565.5(6)0(5)15.1(.)13.9(2)-571.3(t)0(i)20.6(m)0(e)18.4(s)-571.1(th)20.7(an)-562(at)-562.2(0)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 23.6609 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .3859 0 TD (,)Tj -24.0468 -1.1116 TD [(re)14(sp)21(ec)18.5(ti)20.6(ve)19.7(ly)20.7(.)]TJ /F11 1 Tf 8.9663 0 0 8.9663 313.0582 494.8156 Tm [(Statistical)-342.4(analysis)]TJ /F6 1 Tf 9.843 0 0 9.843 323.0361 478.3747 Tm [(Shapiro-Wilk)-517.9(test)-518.2(showed)-515.3(th)15(at)-493.1(th)20.7(e)-509.1(d)0(a)19.7(t)0(a)-493.1(w)0(e)18.8(r)0(e)-498.7(n)0(o)20.8(r)0(m)19.6(a)0(l)19.5(l)0(y)]TJ -1.0137 -1.1116 TD [(di)14.9(st)20.9(ri)20.7(bu)20.8(te)19.6(d)-312.1(\()]TJ /F8 1 Tf 4.9937 0 TD (p)Tj /F7 1 Tf .6566 0 TD (>)Tj /F6 1 Tf .7084 0 TD [(0.)24.3(05)20.8(\).)-298.2(Ho)20(we)13(ve)19.7(r,)-298.2(L)15(e)0(v)13.9(e)0(n)19.7(e)-307.5(te)19.6(st)-295.9(sh)21(ow)14.2(ed)-297.1(th)20.7(at)-297.2(th)20.7(e)]TJ -6.3587 -1.1174 TD [(va)13.9(ri)20.7(an)19.7(ce)-229.2(wa)18.8(s)-242.8(n)0(o)20.8(t)-243.1(ho)20.8(mo)19.6(ge)19.7(ne)19.7(ou)20.8(s)-242.8(\()]TJ /F8 1 Tf 13.0457 0 TD (p)Tj /F7 1 Tf .6566 0 TD (<)Tj /F6 1 Tf .7084 0 TD [(0.)18.5(05)20.8(\).)-229.1(Th)19.6(er)19.7(ef)19.7(or)15.1(e,)-230.3(Br)19.8(ow)20(n-)]TJ -14.4108 -1.1116 TD [(Fo)15.2(rs)21.1(yt)20.7(h)-231.5(w)0(a)18.8(s)-231.3(us)21(ed)-222.2(fo)15.1(r)-225.7(g)0(r)15.1(o)0(u)20.8(p)-231.5(di)20.7(ff)20.9(er)19.7(en)19.7(ce)-223.4(an)19.7(al)19.5(ys)15.3(is)20.9(,)-228.1(a)0(n)13.9(d)-231.5(Du)20(nn)20.8(et)19.5(t)20.7(s)]TJ T* [(T3)-510.2(wa)18.8(s)-525(u)0(s)21(e)0(d)-510.2(f)0(o)20.9(r)-519.4(po)20.8(st)-509(ho)20.8(c)-520.6(m)0(u)19.6(l)0(t)20.6(i)0(p)20.7(l)0(e)-510.3(c)0(o)13.9(m)15(pa)13.9(ri)20.7(so)21(ns)21(.)-521.8(B)0(r)19.8(o)0(w)20(n)0(-)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(Fo)15.2(rs)21.1(yt)20.7(he)-245.3(te)19.5(st)-244(re)19.7(su)15.3(lt)20.6(s)-254.3(s)0(h)21(o)0(w)20(e)0(d)-245.3(t)0(h)20.7(a)0(t)19.5(,)-256.9(fo)20.9(r)-254.5(e)0(a)18.5(c)0(h)-245.3(m)0(a)18.4(t)0(e)19.5(r)0(i)20.7(a)0(l)19.5(,)-256.9(th)20.7(er)19.7(e)-255.7(w)0(a)18.8(s)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(a)-584(s)0(t)15.1(a)0(t)19.5(i)0(s)20.9(t)0(i)20.6(c)0(a)18.5(l)0(l)20.6(y)-582.8(si)20.9(gn)15.1(i)20.9(ca)18.5(nt)-572.5(di)20.7(ff)20.9(er)19.7(en)19.7(ce)-574.7(in)-572.5(ab)19.7(la)13.8(ti)20.6(on)-572.4(ef)19.7(c)19.8(ie)19.5(nc)19.7(y)]TJ T* [(be)13.9(tw)19.8(ee)18.5(n)-335.2(d)0(i)20.7(f)0(f)20.9(e)0(r)19.7(e)0(n)19.7(t)-335.3(op)20.8(ti)20.6(ca)18.5(l)-335.3(w)0(e)18.8(d)0(g)20.8(e)-336.3(an)19.7(gl)20.7(es)-325.7(\()]TJ /F8 1 Tf 16.588 0 TD (p)Tj /F7 1 Tf .6566 0 TD (<)Tj /F6 1 Tf .7084 0 TD [(0.)18.5(05)20.8(\),)-327(as)-325.7(sh)21(ow)20(n)]TJ -17.953 -1.1116 TD [(in)-382.5(Ta)18.5(bl)20.7(e)-393.9(3)0(.)-378.9(T)0(h)19.6(e)-388.2(nu)20.8(ll)-382.6(hy)20.8(po)20.8(th)20.7(es)19.9(is)-382.3(wa)18.8(s)-392.6(r)0(e)19.7(j)0(e)19.6(c)0(t)19.5(e)0(d)19.7(.)-389.3(Th)19.6(e)-393.9(p)0(a)19.7(i)0(r)20.7(w)0(i)19.8(s)0(e)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(co)13.9(m)15(p)0(a)13.9(r)0(i)20.7(s)0(o)21(n)-352.4(re)19.7(su)21(lt)20.6(s)-352.2(o)0(f)-342(D)0(u)20(n)0(n)15.1(e)0(t)19.5(t)0()20.7(s)-352.2(T3)-343.2(\(a)19.7(s)-352.2(i)0(s)-341.9(s)0(h)21(o)0(w)20(n)-352.4(in)-342.2(Su)21(pp)20.8(le)19.6(-)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(me)18.4(nt)14.9(ar)19.7(y)-623.1(T)0(a)18.5(b)0(l)20.7(e)0(s)-613.7(S)0(1)15.2()0(S)21(4)0(\))-612.7(s)0(h)21(o)0(w)20(e)0(d)-619.7(t)0(h)20.7(a)0(t)19.5(,)-625.5(ex)19.7(ce)18.5(pt)-612.9(fo)20.9(r)-628.9(c)0(o)19.7(b)0(a)19.7(l)0(t)20.6(-)]TJ T* [(ch)13.9(ro)20.9(mi)19.5(um)-383.6(al)19.5(lo)20.7(y,)-384.7(th)20.7(e)-393.9(a)0(b)19.7(l)0(a)19.6(t)0(i)14.8(o)0(n)-382.3(e)0(f)19.7()0(c)19.8(i)0(e)19.5(n)0(c)19.7(i)0(e)13.8(s)-392.6(of)-382.3(th)20.7(e)-393.9(o)0(t)14.9(h)0(e)19.7(r)-392.7(th)20.7(re)19.7(e)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(re)14(st)20.9(or)20.9(at)19.6(iv)20.7(e)-491.8(m)0(a)18.4(t)0(e)19.6(r)0(i)20.7(a)0(l)19.6(s)-490.5(at)-475.8(th)20.7(e)-491.8(a)0(n)19.7(g)0(l)20.7(e)-486.1(of)-480.2(80)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 16.5419 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .887 0 TD [(we)18.8(re)-475.6(st)20.9(at)19.5(is)15.1(ti)20.6(ca)18.5(ll)20.6(y)]TJ -17.4289 -1.1116 TD [(si)15.1(gn)20.8(i)20.9(ca)18.5(nt)20.7(ly)-376.7(di)20.7(ff)20.9(er)19.7(en)19.7(t)-387.1(f)0(r)20.9(o)0(m)-372(t)0(h)20.7(o)0(s)15.3(e)-382.4(at)-372.1(ot)20.7(he)19.7(r)-387(a)0(n)19.7(g)0(l)20.7(e)0(s)-371.8(\()]TJ /F8 1 Tf 20.6485 0 TD (p)Tj /F7 1 Tf .6566 0 TD (<)Tj /F6 1 Tf .7084 0 TD [(0.)24.3(05)20.8(\).)]TJ -22.0136 -1.1116 TD [(Fo)15.2(r)-605.8(e)0(n)19.7(a)0(m)18.5(e)0(l)-602.5(a)0(n)19.7(d)-611.6(de)19.7(nt)20.7(in)20.7(,)-608.2(t)0(h)15(e)-607(pa)19.7(ir)20.7(wi)14.1(se)-596.4(co)19.7(mp)19.6(ar)14(is)20.9(on)-595.4(re)13.9(su)21(lt)20.6(s)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(\(T)13.9(ab)19.7(le)19.5(s)-381(4)-381.2(an)13.9(d)-381.2(5)0(\))-370.8(s)0(h)15.3(o)0(w)20(e)0(d)-372(s)0(t)20.9(a)0(t)19.5(i)0(s)15.1(t)0(i)20.6(c)0(a)18.5(l)0(l)20.6(y)-381.2(si)15.1(gn)20.8(i)20.9(ca)18.5(nt)-370.9(di)14.9(ff)20.9(er)19.7(en)19.7(ce)18.5(s)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(be)13.9(tw)19.8(ee)18.5(n)-323.6(t)0(h)20.7(e)-324.8(ef)19.7(c)19.8(ie)19.6(nc)19.7(ie)19.6(s)-323.4(a)0(t)-314.5(e)0(a)18.5(c)0(h)-314.4(a)0(b)19.7(l)0(a)19.6(t)0(i)20.6(o)0(n)-313.2(a)0(n)13.9(g)0(l)20.7(e)-324.8(\()]TJ /F8 1 Tf 19.56 0 TD (p)Tj /F7 1 Tf .6566 0 TD (<)Tj /F6 1 Tf .7084 0 TD [(0.)24.3(05)15.1(\).)]TJ /F4 1 Tf 8.9663 0 0 8.9663 313.0582 280.1763 Tm (Discussion)Tj /F6 1 Tf 9.843 0 0 9.843 323.0361 263.7354 Tm [(In)-290.1(this)-286.7(study,)-291.1(t)16(h)0(e)-210.7(u)16.2(se)-210.5(o)16.2(f)-225.7(o)16.2(p)16.2(t)0(i)26.3(c)15(al)-210.8(w)15.3(e)0(d)25.4(g)16.2(es)-210.5(t)16.1(o)-220(ro)26.6(ta)25.3(t)16(e)-221.1(th)26.5(e)-221.1(f)0(s)26.8(-)0(l)26.5(a)15(se)25.6(r)]TJ -1.0137 -1.1116 TD [(be)25.4(a)15(m)-319.1(ob)26.6(l)16.1(i)0(q)26.5(u)0(e)25.4(l)16.1(y)-317.9(i)0(n)26.5(t)16.1(o)-317.9(s)0(a)25.6(m)15(pl)26.5(e)15(s)-317.7(si)26.7(gn)26.6(i)16.1()0(c)25.6(a)15(nt)26.5(ly)-307.6(i)16.1(m)15(p)16.2(r)0(o)26.6(v)0(e)25.4(s)-317.7(t)16.1(h)0(e)-308.6(a)15(b)16.2(l)0(a)25.3(-)]TJ T* [(ti)26.3(on)-301.7(e)15(f)16.2(c)25.6(ie)25.3(n)16.2(c)0(y)-302.9(o)16.2(f)-312.1(t)0(h)26.5(e)-313.3(d)16.2(e)0(n)25.4(t)16.1(al)-303(h)16.2(a)0(r)25.5(d)-312.1(t)16(i)0(s)26.7(s)0(u)26.8(e)-313.3(an)25.4(d)-312.1(r)16.2(es)25.6(to)26.5(r)16.2(a)0(t)25.3(i)16.1(ve)-302.9(m)15(a)15(t)0(e)25.3(-)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(ri)26.5(al)25.3(s)16.4(.)-493(T)15(h)16.2(e)-491.8(n)16.2(u)16.2(l)0(l)-474.8(h)0(y)26.6(p)16.2(ot)26.5(he)25.4(s)16.4(i)0(s)-474.4(w)0(a)24.6(s)-490.5(r)16.2(e)15(je)25.3(ct)25.3(e)15(d)0(.)-476.8(A)15.3(l)16(s)0(o)26.8(,)-487.2(th)26.5(e)-491.8(a)15(b)16.2(l)0(a)25.3(t)16.1(io)26.5(n)]TJ ET 62.022 143.83 239.131 .28342 re f 62.022 56.58 239.131 .22678 re f 62.022 125.178 239.131 .22675 re f BT /F10 1 Tf 9.845 0 0 9.845 73.1905 169.4551 Tm (Table)Tj /F6 1 Tf 3.0002 0 TD (3.)Tj /F10 1 Tf 1.2496 0 TD [(Brown-Forsythe)-334.2(Test)-333.2(of)-337(the)-332.4(Ablation)]TJ -1.3763 -1.0135 TD [(Efciency)-335.7(of)-337(Prosthetic)-333.2(Materials)]TJ 2.338 -1.0135 TD [(and)-337.8(Dental)-330.2(Hard)-338.4(Tissues)]TJ /F8 1 Tf -6.3459 -1.837 TD [(Materials)-7157.6(Statistics)-1577.9(f1)-2109.8(f2)]TJ /F6 1 Tf 22.9132 0 TD (p)Tj -22.9132 -1.9003 TD [(Gold)-333.2(alloy)-6519.4(1.84)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 12.7725 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 204.718 117.0708 Tm (3)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 223.37 112.7055 Tm [(4)-1521.3(2.979)-1377.9(0.000)]TJ -16.3888 -1.0135 TD [(Pure)-333.2(titanium)-5343.4(8.94)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 12.7725 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 204.718 107.1496 Tm (3)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 223.37 102.7275 Tm [(4)-1521.3(2.432)-1377.9(0.000)]TJ -16.3888 -1.0077 TD [(Cobalt-chromium)-337.8(alloy)-2263.8(30.45)-2397.1(4)-1521.3(2.201)-1377.9(0.025)]TJ 0 -1.0135 TD [(Zirconia)-7457.6(2.13)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 12.7725 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 204.718 87.1937 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 223.37 82.8283 Tm [(4)-1521.3(2.212)-1377.9(0.000)]TJ -16.3888 -1.0135 TD [(Dentin)-8133.6(8.61)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 12.7725 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 204.718 77.2157 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 223.37 72.8504 Tm [(4)-1521.3(3.982)-1377.9(0.000)]TJ -16.3888 -1.0077 TD [(Enamel)-7790.6(1.00)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 12.7725 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 204.718 67.2945 Tm (3)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 223.37 62.9291 Tm [(4)-1521.3(2.101)-1377.9(0.001)]TJ ET 313.058 709.512 239.131 .22681 re f 313.058 572.428 239.131 .22675 re f 313.058 680.882 239.131 .22681 re f BT /F10 1 Tf 9.845 0 0 9.845 334.8282 725.1588 Tm (Table)Tj /F6 1 Tf 3.0002 0 TD (4.)Tj /F10 1 Tf 1.2496 0 TD [(Dunnetts)-335.5(T)]TJ /F6 1 Tf 5.724 0 TD (3)Tj /F10 1 Tf .835 0 TD [(Test)-333.2(of)-337(the)-332.4(Enamel)]TJ -12.1217 -1.0135 TD [(Ablation)-332.2(Efciency)-335.7(by)-335.8(Different)-335.9(Wedge)-335(Angles)]TJ /F8 1 Tf -.8983 -2.8562 TD [(Angle)-335.7(1)-335(\(I\))-745.8(Angle)-335.7(2)-335(\()-121.9(J\))]TJ 11.5286 1.0135 TD (Difference)Tj -.7716 -1.0135 TD [(of)-330.4(means)-335(\(I-J\))]TJ 6.6972 1.0135 TD (Standard)Tj .7832 -1.0135 TD (error)Tj /F6 1 Tf 4.6759 0 TD (p)Tj -22.9132 -1.8946 TD 6.6348 Tc [(02)6634.8(0)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD 0 Tc (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (5.09)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 672.7747 Tm (5)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 668.4093 Tm (3.56)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 672.7747 Tm (3)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 668.4093 Tm (0.000)Tj -22.038 -1.0135 TD 6.6348 Tc [(03)6634.8(0)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD 0 Tc (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (2.38)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 662.7966 Tm (6)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 658.4313 Tm (7.03)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 662.7966 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 658.4313 Tm (0.003)Tj -22.038 -1.0077 TD 6.6348 Tc [(04)6634.8(0)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD 0 Tc (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (6.07)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 652.8754 Tm (6)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 648.5101 Tm (3.72)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 652.8754 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 648.5101 Tm (0.000)Tj -22.038 -1.0135 TD 6.6348 Tc [(06)6634.8(0)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD 0 Tc (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (1.74)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 642.8975 Tm (7)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 638.5321 Tm (5.01)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 642.8975 Tm (5)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 638.5321 Tm (0.003)Tj -22.038 -1.0135 TD [(20)-6134.8(30)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (1.87)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 632.9195 Tm (6)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 628.5542 Tm (7.04)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 632.9195 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 628.5542 Tm (0.005)Tj -22.038 -1.0135 TD [(20)-6134.8(40)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (5.56)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 622.9416 Tm (6)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 618.5762 Tm (3.74)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 622.9416 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 618.5762 Tm (0.000)Tj -22.038 -1.0077 TD [(20)-6134.8(60)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (1.69)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 613.0203 Tm (7)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 608.655 Tm (5.01)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 613.0203 Tm (5)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 608.655 Tm (0.003)Tj -22.038 -1.0135 TD [(30)-6134.8(40)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (3.69)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 603.0424 Tm (6)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 598.677 Tm (7.96)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 603.0424 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 598.677 Tm (0.000)Tj -22.038 -1.0135 TD [(30)-6134.8(60)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (1.50)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 593.0644 Tm (7)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 588.6991 Tm (5.06)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 593.0644 Tm (5)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 588.6991 Tm (0.004)Tj -22.038 -1.0135 TD [(40)-6134.8(60)-3779.6(1.13)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 13.832 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 583.1432 Tm (7)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 578.7211 Tm (5.03)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 583.1432 Tm (5)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 578.7211 Tm (0.007)Tj ET 313.058 193.946 239.131 .28346 re f 313.058 56.863 239.131 .28348 re f 313.058 165.316 239.131 .28348 re f BT /F10 1 Tf 9.845 0 0 9.845 335.9054 209.5937 Tm (Table)Tj /F6 1 Tf 3.0002 0 TD (5.)Tj /F10 1 Tf 1.2496 0 TD [(Dunnetts)-335.5(T)]TJ /F6 1 Tf 5.724 0 TD (3)Tj /F10 1 Tf .835 0 TD [(Test)-333.2(of)-337(the)-332.4(Dentin)]TJ -12.2312 -1.0077 TD [(Ablation)-332.2(Efciency)-335.7(by)-335.8(Different)-335.9(Wedge)-335(Angles)]TJ /F8 1 Tf -.8983 -2.8562 TD [(Angle)-335.7(1)-335(\(I\))-745.8(Angle)-335.7(2)-335(\()-121.9(J\))]TJ 11.5286 1.0135 TD (Difference)Tj -.7716 -1.0135 TD [(of)-330.4(means)-335(\(I-J\))]TJ 6.6972 1.0135 TD (Standard)Tj .7832 -1.0135 TD (error)Tj /F6 1 Tf 4.6759 0 TD (p)Tj -22.9132 -1.8946 TD 6.6348 Tc [(01)6634.8(0)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD 0 Tc (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (4.88)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 157.2661 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 152.9007 Tm (2.53)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 157.2661 Tm (3)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 152.9007 Tm (0.010)Tj -22.038 -1.0135 TD 6.6348 Tc [(02)6634.8(0)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD 0 Tc (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (8.88)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 147.2882 Tm (5)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 142.9228 Tm (4.85)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 147.2882 Tm (3)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 142.9228 Tm (0.000)Tj -22.038 -1.0135 TD 6.6348 Tc [(03)6634.8(0)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD 0 Tc (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (3.15)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 137.3102 Tm (6)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 132.9448 Tm (2.12)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 137.3102 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 132.9448 Tm (0.000)Tj -22.038 -1.0135 TD 6.6348 Tc [(04)6634.8(0)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD 0 Tc (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (1.08)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 127.3889 Tm (7)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 122.9669 Tm (2.69)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 127.3889 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 122.9669 Tm (0.000)Tj -22.038 -1.0077 TD [(10)-6134.8(20)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (8.40)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 117.411 Tm (5)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 113.0456 Tm (5.46)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 117.411 Tm (3)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 113.0456 Tm (0.000)Tj -22.038 -1.0135 TD [(10)-6134.8(30)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (3.10)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 107.433 Tm (6)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 103.0677 Tm (2.13)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 107.433 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 103.0677 Tm (0.000)Tj -22.038 -1.0135 TD [(10)-6134.8(40)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (1.07)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 97.455 Tm (7)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 93.0897 Tm (2.71)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 97.455 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 93.0897 Tm (0.000)Tj -22.038 -1.0135 TD [(20)-6134.8(30)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (2.26)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 87.5338 Tm (6)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 83.1118 Tm (2.17)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 87.5338 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 83.1118 Tm (0.000)Tj -22.038 -1.0077 TD [(20)-6134.8(40)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (9.91)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 77.5558 Tm (6)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 73.1905 Tm (2.74)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 77.5558 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 73.1905 Tm (0.000)Tj -22.038 -1.0135 TD [(30)-6134.8(40)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 11.3616 0 TD (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5528 0 TD (7.65)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 466.1857 67.5779 Tm (6)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 483.1936 63.2126 Tm (3.43)Tj /F7 1 Tf 1.9176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .7198 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3837 0 0 6.5625 518.9668 67.5779 Tm (4)Tj 9.845 0 0 9.845 530.0219 63.2126 Tm (0.000)Tj /F4 1 Tf 8.9663 0 0 8.9663 62.022 749.6502 Tm (368)Tj 48.2122 0 TD [(ZONG)-330.7(ET)-338.7(AL.)]TJ ET endstream endobj 65 0 obj <>stream /GS1 gs BT /F6 1 Tf 9.843 0 0 9.843 59.7543 538.7526 Tm 0 0 0 rg 0 Tc 0 Tw [(ef)25.5(c)25.6(i)16.1(e)0(n)25.4(c)15(y)-260.3(i)16.1(nc)25.4(r)16.2(e)0(a)24.3(s)16.4(es)-245.1(wi)25.6(t)16.1(h)-260.3(t)16.1(h)0(e)-245.3(i)0(n)26.5(c)15(re)25.5(a)15(s)0(e)-245.1(o)0(f)-244.1(t)0(h)26.5(e)-261.4(o)16.2(b)16.2(l)0(i)26.3(q)16.2(ue)-245.3(in)26.5(c)15(i)0(d)26.5(e)15(nc)25.4(e)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(a)-8(n)-6.9(gl)-8.1(e)-8(.)-412.4(F)-6.7(o)0(r)-416.9(t)-7(he)-418.1(d)-6.9(e)0(n)-9.1(t)-7(al)-418.2(ha)-9.1(r)-6.8(d)-410(t)-7(i)-7(s)-6.7(su)-7.8(e)-8(,)-412.4(w)-7.7(h)0(e)-9.1(n)-410(t)-7(h)-6.9(e)-411.2(w)-7.7(e)-8(d)0(g)-8(e)-417(an)-9.1(g)-6.9(l)0(e)-9.2(s)]TJ T* [(i)-7(n)-6.9(cr)-9.1(e)-8(a)0(s)-8.9(e)-8(d)-6.9(,)-314.5(n)-6.9(o)0(t)-319.1(o)-6.9(n)-6.9(l)0(y)-319.1(t)-7(h)-6.9(e)-319(ab)-9.1(l)-7(a)0(t)-9.3(i)-7(on)-319(d)-6.9(i)-7(am)-10.3(et)-9.2(e)-8(r)-317.8(bu)-8(t)-318(a)-8(ls)-7.9(o)-317.9(t)-7(he)-320.1(a)-8(b)-6.9(la)-9.2(-)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(t)-7(i)-7(o)0(n)-342(d)-6.9(e)-8(p)0(t)-8.1(h)-340.9(a)-8(n)0(d)-342(e)-8(f)-7.8(c)-8(i)-7(en)-9.1(c)-8(y)-335.2(i)-7(n)-6.9(cr)-9.1(e)-8(a)0(s)-8.9(e)-8(d)-6.9(.)-337.5(T)-8(h)0(e)-343.2(p)-6.9(os)-7.8(s)-6.7(i)-7(bl)-8.1(e)-342.1(r)-6.8(ea)-10.3(s)-6.7(o)0(n)-342(i)-7(s)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(t)-7(h)-6.9(at)-199.3(th)-8.1(e)-192.3(o)-6.9(b)-6.9(l)0(i)-8.2(q)-6.9(ue)-199.2(la)-9.2(s)-6.7(e)0(r)-199.2(b)0(e)-9.1(a)-8(m)-192.4(w)0(i)-9(l)-7(l)-191.3(b)-6.9(e)-192.3(r)0(e)-9.1()-6.7(e)-8(c)0(t)-9.3(e)-8(d)-191.2(a)0(f)-9.1(t)-7(er)-199.2(en)-9.1(t)-7(e)0(r)-9.1(i)-7(n)-6.9(g)-191.2(th)-8.1(e)]TJ T* .0078 Tc [(mat)7.8(e)-1.4(ri)7.8(al)-298.7(su)7.8(rfac)7.8(e,)-295.1(and)-292.8(t).8(hen)-292.8(t).8(he)-299.7(b)7.8(e)-1.3(am)-294(re)7.8(e)-1.2(ct)7.8(ed)-298.6(to)-298.6(t)7.8(h)-.3(e)-299.7(b)7.8(otto)7.8(m)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD 0 Tc [(w)-7.7(i)-7(ll)-284.7(c)-8(o)-6.9(nt)-8.1(i)-7(n)-6.9(ue)-285.6(t)-7(o)-283.3(r)-6.8(e)0(m)-10.3(o)0(v)-8(e)-284.5(ma)-10.4(t)-7(e)0(r)-9.1(i)-7(a)-8(l)0(s)-284.4(b)-6.9(y)-283.3(s)-6.7(ec)-10.3(o)-6.9(n)0(d)-8(a)-8(r)0(y)-284.4(p)-6.9(r)-6.8(o)-6.9(ce)-10.3(s)-6.7(s)0(i)-7.9(n)-6.9(g)-6.9(,)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(a)-8(s)-237(i)-7(s)-237(s)-6.7(h)-6.9(ow)-8.8(n)-237.2(i)-7(n)-237.2(F)-6.7(ig)-8.1(.)-239.6(5)0(.)-240.7(W)0(h)-10.2(e)-8(n)-237.2(t)-7(he)-239.5(s)-6.7(a)-8(me)-240.7(f)-6.8(s)-6.7(-)-6.8(l)0(a)-9.2(s)-6.7(er)-245.2(pa)-9.1(r)-6.8(a)0(m)-10.3(e)0(t)-9.3(e)-8(r)-6.8(s)-237(ar)-9.1(e)]TJ T* [(u)-6.9(s)-6.7(e)-8(d)-364(fo)-7.9(r)-363.9(a)-8(bl)-8.1(a)-8(t)0(i)-8.2(o)-6.9(n)-6.9(,)-360.5(t)-7(h)-6.9(e)-365.1(a)0(b)-9.1(l)-7(at)-9.2(i)-7(o)0(n)-365.1(d)-6.9(i)-7(a)0(m)-10.3(e)-8(te)-9.2(r)-363.9(i)-7(nc)-9.1(r)-6.8(e)0(a)-10.3(s)-6.7(es)-371.8(wi)-9(t)-7(h)-364(th)-8.1(e)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(i)-7(n)-6.9(cr)-9.1(e)-8(a)0(s)-8.9(e)-405.4(o)-6.9(f)-404.2(t)-7(h)0(e)-406.5(b)-6.9(ea)-10.3(m)-405.5(i)-7(nc)-9.1(i)-7(d)0(e)-9.1(n)-6.9(ce)-407.7(a)-8(n)-6.9(gl)-8.1(e)-8(,)-400.8(a)-8(n)0(d)-405.4(s)-6.7(o)-6.9(,)-400.8(t)-7(h)-6.9(e)-405.4(p)0(l)-8.1(a)-8(s)-6.7(m)0(a)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD .0075 Tc [(exp)7.5(u)-.5(lsi)7.5(o)-.6(n)-275.8(i).5(s)-275.6(eas)7.5(ier.)]TJ 1.0137 -1.1116 TD 0 Tc [(However,)-268.6(the)-263.8(ablation)-265(of)-261.4(restorative)-269.2(materials)-268.2(presented)-266.7(a)]TJ -1.0137 -1.1116 TD [(different)-248.5(pattern,)-244.1(especially)-252(metal)-245.5(materials.)-242.9(The)-247.6(mechanism)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(of)-295.9(fs-laser)-298.8(ablation)-299.5(is)-295.9(complex.)-297.1(For)-296.9(metal)-297.3(materials,)-300.5(there)-295.9(is)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(no)-290.2(need)-289(for)-291.2(electron)-289(excitation)-291.5(because)-294.4(of)-290.2(the)-286.8(free)-288.9(electrons)]TJ T* [(around)-261.2(metal)-262.7(surface.)-262(Under)-260.9(the)-263.8(ablation)-259.2(of)-261.4(fs-laser,)-261.9(the)-263.8(free)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(electrons)-347.5(produce)-338.3(high-frequency)-341.5(vibration,)-343.2(and)-338.5(the)-338.7(energy)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(generated)-400.6(by)-393.9(vibration)-397.3(is)-393.8(transferred)-401.3(to)-394(the)-396.3(lattice)-397.6(through)]TJ T* [(phonon)-323.4(relaxation,)-329.3(resulting)-322.3(in)-324.9(phase)-324.4(explosion)-327.9(and)-321.2(plasma)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(splashing.)-262.1(When)-261.3(the)-258(laser)-261.2(uence)-263.4(is)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 14.6642 0 TD (>)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5529 0 TD (10)Tj 7.3823 0 0 6.5614 219.4015 334.9417 Tm (8)Tj 9.843 0 0 9.843 225.581 330.5196 Tm (W/cm)Tj 7.3823 0 0 6.5614 249.7889 334.9417 Tm (2)Tj 9.843 0 0 9.843 253.5306 330.5196 Tm [(,)-256.9(the)-258(photo-)]TJ -19.6867 -1.1116 TD [(induced)-350(plasma)-344.2(will)-345.5(be)-343.2(ejected)-346.7(in)-347.9(the)-344.4(opposite)-344.1(direction)-346.7(of)]TJ T* [(the)-505.7(laser)-503.1(incident)-506.9(to)-503.4(form)-500.9(a)-503.3(plasma)-505.4(cloud,)-505.6(and)-499.8(then)-501(the)]TJ T* [(plasma)-338.4(shielding)-333.8(effect)-338.5(will)-334(appear.)]TJ 7.3823 0 0 6.5614 203.8676 302.0598 Tm (25,26)Tj 9.843 0 0 9.843 69.7323 286.696 Tm [(The)-276.4(peripheral)-273.9(high-density)-273.7(plasma)-275(expands,)-278.2(continues)-271.5(to)]TJ -1.0137 -1.1116 TD [(absorb)-549(laser)-549.1(energy,)-553.8(blocks)-543.4(the)-551.8(laser)-549.1(from)-547(reaching)-548.1(the)]TJ T* [(target)-297.1(surface)-293.2(of)-295.9(the)-292.6(material,)-293.8(cuts)-293.5(off)-291.2(the)-292.6(coupling)-292.5(between)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(laser)-318.8(and)-315.5(tooth)-311(tissue,)-316.3(and)-315.5(reduces)-316.2(the)-315.6(ablation)-316.8(effect.)-318.9(With)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(the)-332.9(increasing)-331.3(beam)-330.5(angle,)-333.9(the)-327.1(region)-330.4(of)-330.5(bottom)-330.6(ablated)-328.2(by)]TJ T* [(laser)-261.2(reected)-255.3(by)-255.6(lateral)-253.5(wall)-254.4(enhan)-7.8(ced,)-251(lead)-254.5(to)-255.8(more)-254.4(plasma)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(deposited)-651.6(at)-648.6(the)-649.7(bottom,)-645.1(thus)-649.4(strengthened)-650.3(the)-649.7(plasma)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(shielding)-495.1(effect.)-491.6(As)-492.5(a)-486.1(result,)-495.1(the)-488.4(ablation)-495.3(depth)-490.6(reduced.)]TJ T* [(Compared)-497.2(with)-489.3(the)-488.4(ablation)-495.3(of)-486(tooth)-489.6(tissue,)-494.9(the)-488.4(removal)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(depth)-386.9(of)-376.5(metal)-383.7(materials)-389.2(did)-377.8(not)-383.6(continue)-380(to)-382.5(increase)-387.7(with)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(the)-286.8(increase)-289.8(of)-284.4(the)-286.8(optical)-286.9(wedge)-285.2(angle.)-287.9(It)-284.5(can)-287.8(be)-285.6(concluded)]TJ T* [(that)-391.7(fs-laser)-390.9(has)-390.2(obvious)-387.8(advantages)-395.7(in)-388.2(accurately)-391.4(ablating)]TJ T* [(metal)-504.7(materials)-504.4(of)-497.5(which)-497.2(the)-499.9(ablation)-501.1(threshold)-506.4(is)-497.5(much)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(lower)-359(than)-351.3(that)-357.2(of)-353.5(dental)-354.8(hard)-351.1(tissue.)-356.7(However,)-355(the)-355.9(plasma)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(shielding)-397.2(effect)-396.1(will)-397.3(highly)-392.8(reduce)-396(the)-396.3(metal)-395.2(ablation)-391.7(ef-)]TJ T* [(ciency,)-336.2(especially)-338.4(when)-340.5(the)-332.9(depth)-335.1(increases.)]TJ 1.0137 -1.1174 TD [(Other)-341.7(study)-339.5(also)-345.3(measured)-341.6(the)-344.4(efciency.)-340.5(Sun)-343(et)-337.6(al.)-346.7(pre-)]TJ -1.0137 -1.1116 TD [(pared)-566.5(cavities)-565.4(by)-566.6(an)-562.1(fs-laser)-563.7(at)-562.2(800)-170.3(nm)-562.1(on)-560.9(enamel)-564.4(and)]TJ T* [(dentin,)-408.9(and)-401.9(the)-402(measured)-410.7(ablation)-403.2(efciencies)-409.5(are,)-406.5(respec-)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(tively,)-242(5.7)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 4.1988 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .72 0 TD (10)Tj /F7 1 Tf 7.3823 0 0 6.5614 118.0346 82.885 Tm (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5529 0 TD (3)Tj 9.843 0 0 9.843 128.1259 78.463 Tm (mm)Tj 7.3823 0 0 6.5614 143.5464 82.885 Tm (3)Tj 9.843 0 0 9.843 147.2315 78.463 Tm [(/s)-238.3(and)-240.6(56.0)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 4.5098 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .72 0 TD (10)Tj /F7 1 Tf 7.3823 0 0 6.5614 208.5732 82.885 Tm (-)Tj /F6 1 Tf .5529 0 TD (3)Tj 9.843 0 0 9.843 218.6645 78.463 Tm (mm)Tj 7.3823 0 0 6.5614 234.085 82.885 Tm (3)Tj 9.843 0 0 9.843 237.77 78.463 Tm (/s.)Tj 7.3823 0 0 6.5614 246.7842 82.885 Tm (17)Tj 9.843 0 0 9.843 256.5354 78.463 Tm [(Chen)-242.7(et)-239.6(al.)]TJ -19.9919 -1.1116 TD [(found)-328(that)-322.6(uence,)-324.4(line)-322.6(spacing)-326.8(and)-327(ablation)-322.5(depth)-323.6(all)-327.3(have)]TJ T* [(signicant)-312.9(effects)-310.6(on)-301.7(ablation)-311(efciency)-308.2(of)-307.4(the)-309.9(fs-laser)-310.3(with)]TJ 25.5097 48.9863 TD [(a)-365.1(wavelength)-367(of)-365(800)-164.6(nm.)]TJ 7.3823 0 0 6.5614 411.1936 543.118 Tm (18)Tj 9.843 0 0 9.843 422.192 538.7526 Tm [(In)-365(a)-365.1(certain)-368.5(range,)-368.3(with)-362.6(the)-367.5(de-)]TJ -11.3121 -1.1116 TD [(crease)-396.9(of)-393.8(uence)-401.6(and)-396.1(the)-396.3(increase)-399.3(of)-393.8(line)-397.5(spacing)-395.9(and)-396.1(ab-)]TJ T* [(lation)-267.3(depth,)-269.4(the)-263.8(ablation)-270.7(efciency)-267.9(will)-270.6(reduce)-269.3(accordingly.)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(Kerse)-331(et)-337.6(al.)-329.5(used)-333.7(a)-330.6(42.5)-335(GHz)-328.8(fs-laser)-339.1(at)-331.8(1035)-165.7(nm)-331.7(with)-333.8(high)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(internal)-276.4(pulse)-277.3(repeated)-278.5(frequency)-278.3(to)-278.8(perform)-274.9(dentin)-278.7(ablation)]TJ T* [(experiments,)-383.2(and)-378.8(the)-384.7(ablation)-380.1(efciency)-388.9(was)-379.5(up)-382.3(to)-376.7(3)-168.1(m)0(m)]TJ 7.3823 0 0 6.5614 543.4581 488.3526 Tm (3)Tj 9.843 0 0 9.843 547.1432 483.9873 Tm (/)Tj -24.0065 -1.1174 TD (min.)Tj 7.3823 0 0 6.5614 328.7054 477.4109 Tm (27)Tj 9.843 0 0 9.843 340.1007 472.9889 Tm [(This)-408.7(study)-414.4(used)-408.6(a)-411.2(novel)-410(fs-laser)-414(with)-408.7(high)-413.5(internal)]TJ -2.972 -1.1116 TD [(pulse)-415.5(repea)-9(ted)-413.5(frequency)-422.3(and)-419.2(achieved)-422.5(good)-419.1(effect.)-422.5(How-)]TJ T* [(ever,)-332.7(optical)-338.7(wedges)-337.9(were)-335.9(not)-331.7(involved)-332.8(in)-336.4(their)-335.2(studies.)]TJ 1.0137 -1.1174 TD [(This)-310.8(study)-310.7(has)-309.5(some)-311.9(potential)-318(limitations.)-312.3(The)-310.9(maximum)]TJ -1.0137 -1.1116 TD [(optical)-281.1(wedge)-285.2(angles)-285.3(used)-287.6(to)-278.8(ablate)-286.8(enamel)-287.9(and)-280.9(dentin)-284.5(were)]TJ T* [(only)-534.4(60)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 3.3176 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .9331 0 TD [(and)-540.1(40)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 2.9835 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .3974 0 TD [(.)-539.1(Although)-539.8(the)-534.5(ablation)-541.4(efciency)-544.4(still)]TJ -7.6316 -1.1116 TD [(improved)-282(with)-282(the)-281.1(increase)-289.8(of)-278.6(angles,)-283(angles)-285.3(wider)-284.1(than)-282.2(60)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 23.897 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf -23.897 -1.1174 TD [(in)-417(enamel)-426.2(and)-424.9(40)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 7.3955 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .8179 0 TD [(in)-422.8(dentin)-422.7(would)-421.2(lead)-421.6(to)-422.8(dental)-418.1(sample)]TJ -8.2133 -1.1116 TD [(penetration,)-278.6(making)-274.1(inaccurate)-276.2(results.)-277.1(Due)-276(to)-273(the)-275.3(limitation)]TJ T* [(of)-370.8(the)-379(thickness)-375(of)-376.5(human)-370.8(enamel)-380.1(and)-373.1(dentin)-376.7(samples,)-377.3(the)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(optical)-333(wedge)-331.2(angle)-336.3(was)-333.5(not)-331.7(further)-331.4(increased)-337(in)-330.6(the)-332.9(study.)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(However,)-285.9(for)-291.2(the)-281.1(restorative)-292.2(materials,)-288.9(the)-286.8(sample)-292.3(thickness)]TJ T* [(available)-412.4(can)-408.8(be)-406.5(much)-410(thicker.)-411.1(Therefore,)-409.6(the)-407.8(max)-408.9(wedge)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(angle)-244.1(was)-241.3(increased)-250.6(to)-244.2(80)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 10.2696 0 TD ()Tj /F6 1 Tf .6393 0 TD [(to)-244.2(observe)-246(the)-240.7(further)-245.1(changes.)-250.6(In)]TJ -10.9089 -1.1116 TD [(addition,)-353.6(this)]TJ /F8 1 Tf 5.6964 0 TD [(in)-359.4(vitro)]TJ /F6 1 Tf 3.3925 0 TD [(study)-351(only)-355.9(provides)-361.2(the)-355.9(basis)-357.8(for)-354.6(pa-)]TJ -9.0888 -1.1116 TD [(rameter)-600(selection.)-598.8(When)-595.3(considering)-602(clinic)-596.8(applications,)]TJ T* [(safety)-337.1(and)-332.8(feasibility)-337.4(must)-333.9(be)-331.7(taken)-336.3(into)-333(consideration.)]TJ 1.0137 -1.1174 TD [(In)-244.1(this)-240.6(experiment,)-249.8(the)-246.5(efciency)-250.7(of)-244.1(fs-laser)-246.9(ablation)-247.7(tooth)]TJ -1.0137 -1.1116 TD [(tissue)-347.5(by)-342(optical)-344.5(wedge)-348.5(can)-345.4(be)-343.2(increased)-348.5(by)-342(65208)-346.4(times.)]TJ T* [(The)-380(ablation)-385.9(efciency)-388.9(can)-380(be)-383.5(further)-383.3(improved)-385.7(if)-382.4(the)-384.7(op-)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(tical)-336.5(wedge)-331.3(can)-339.7(be)-331.7(combinedly)-337.4(used)-333.7(with)-333.8(vibration)-334(mirrors)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(to)-411.3(optimize)-415.9(the)-413.5(optical)-419.4(path)-414.6(in)-411.3(the)-419.3(future.)-414.4(Our)-413.1(study)-414.4(only)]TJ T* [(explored)-385.6(the)-379(effect)-384.5(of)-382.3(optical)-384.8(wedge)-388.8(to)-382.5(the)-379(simple)-383.4(fs-laser)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(optical)-344.5(path)-345.5(on)-347.8(the)-344.4(ablation)-345.6(of)-347.8(teeth,)-345.6(and)-344.3(the)-350.2(ablation)-345.6(form)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(was)-258.6(rough)-253.1(cylinder,)-262.5(without)-256.6(designing)-258.8(complex)-253.3(cavity)-262.6(form.)]TJ T* [(The)-518.3(future)-526.2(research)-525.8(direction)-525.2(is)-520.5(to)-520.7(prepare)-523.8(cavity)-521.8(forms)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(combined)-663.3(with)-667.9(the)-667(translation)-665.6(platform)-668(controlling)-670.4(the)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(sample)-332.6(movement)-336.3(to)-336.4(meet)-336.4(the)-332.9(clinical)-335.4(needs.)]TJ /F4 1 Tf 8.9663 0 0 8.9663 310.8472 155.2252 Tm [(Authors)-334(Contributions)]TJ /F6 1 Tf 9.843 0 0 9.843 320.8251 138.7842 Tm [(X.Z.:)-242.8(investigation)-247.5(and)-240.6(writing-)-246.2(original)-246.5(draft)-242.9(preparation.)]TJ -1.0137 -1.1174 TD [(X.Y.:)-421(data)-415.8(curation)-420.3(and)-419.2(software.)-424.3(Y.W.:)-422.4(visualization)-421.4(and)]TJ 0 -1.1116 TD [(investigation.)-567.7(Y.S.:)-558.2(project)-569(administration,)-564.2(software,)-568.3(and)]TJ T* [(validation.)-345.6(C.D.:)-346.3(writingreview)-355.1(and)-344.3(editing.)-346.8(H.C.:)-346.3(super-)]TJ 0 -1.1174 TD [(vision)-335(and)-332.8(funding)-336.1(acquisition.)]TJ /F4 1 Tf 8.9663 0 0 8.9663 310.8472 73.0205 Tm [(Code)-334.7(Availability)]TJ /F6 1 Tf 9.843 0 0 9.843 320.8251 56.5795 Tm [(No)-331.4(additional)-336.4(codes)-335.9(are)-333.9(available.)]TJ ET q 414.681 0 0 153.241 97.512 579.005 cm /Im6 Do Q BT /F9 1 Tf 9.845 0 0 9.845 88.1575 562.2802 Tm [(FIG.)-336.7(5.)]TJ /F6 1 Tf 4.1174 0 TD [(Schematic)-337.4(of)-330.2(the)-338.3(mechanism)-337.2(of)-330.2(fs-laser)-338.3(machining)-335.2(before)]TJ /F9 1 Tf 24.0707 0 TD (\(a\))Tj /F6 1 Tf 1.4972 0 TD [(and)-338.1(after)]TJ /F9 1 Tf 3.9619 0 TD (\(b\))Tj /F6 1 Tf 1.549 0 TD 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-1.1223 TD [(femtosecond)-441.6(lasers)-442.3(at)-437(532)-439.6(and)-437.7(625nm.)-439.5(Arch)-441.7(Ophthalmol)]TJ 0 -1.1284 TD (1989;107\(4\):587592.)Tj -1.2503 -1.1223 TD [(5.)-500.4(Gamaly)-296.5(EG,)-296.6(Rode)-296.2(AV,)-296.3(Luther-Davies)-301.1(B,)-291.7(et)-296.7(al.)-296.8(Ablation)-298(of)]TJ 1.2503 -1.1284 TD [(solids)-571.3(by)-573.6(femtosecond)-569.7(lasers:)-576.1(Ablation)-572.5(mechanism)-572.7(and)]TJ 0 -1.1223 TD [(ablation)-257.9(thresholds)-255.1(for)-255.1(metals)-256.9(and)-254.7(dielectrics.)-255.5(Phys)-258.8(Plasmas)]TJ 0 -1.1284 TD (2002;9\(3\):949957.)Tj -1.2503 -1.1223 TD [(6.)-500.4(Momma)-515.7(C,)-511.2(Nolte)-511.6(S,)-509.3(Chichkov)-515.8(BN,)-513(et)-510.2(al.)-510.2(Precise)-517.5(laser)]TJ 1.2503 -1.1284 TD [(ablation)-386(with)-385.3(ultrashort)-391.9(pulses.)-387.1(Appl)-385.8(Surf)-380.2(Sci)-391.2(1997;s109)]TJ 0 -1.1223 TD (110\(none\):1519.)Tj -1.2503 -1.1284 TD [(7.)-500.4(Niemz)-387.9(M)18.9(H)22.7(,)-311.1(K)16.6(a)20.1(s)25.1(e)20.1(n)18.2(b)24.3(a)20.1(c)20.1(h)24.3(e)20.1(r)-313.5(A)22.7(,)-311.1(S)21.4(t)18.7(r)21.9(a)20.1(s)19(s)25.1(l)-316.7(M)25(,)-311.1(e)20.1(t)-316.7(a)20.1(l)24.8(.)-311.1(T)22.4(o)18.2(o)24.3(t)18.7(h)-311.2(a)20.1(b)24.3(l)18.7(a)20.1(t)18.7(i)24.8(o)18.2(n)]TJ 1.2503 -1.1223 TD -.0211 Tc [(using)-411.6(a)-409.7(CPA-free)-409.7(t)-2.4(hin)-405.5(d)-2.9(isk)-411.6(f).8(emtosecond)-405.5(laser)-407.8(s)4(ystem.)-405.4(A)-4.5(ppl)]TJ 0 -1.1284 TD -.0186 Tc [(Ph)5.7(ys)-194.7(B)-194.3(2)5.7(00)5.7(4;)6.2(79)5.7(\(3)5.7(\):2)5.7(6)-.4(9)5.7()-.4(2)5.7(7)5.7(1)-.4(;)-195(d)5.7(oi)6.2(:)-195(1)-.4(0)24(.)5.7(10)5.7(07)5.7(/s)6.5(00)5.7(34)5.7(0-0)5.7(0)-.4(4)5.7(-)3.3(15)5.7(79)5.7(-2.)]TJ -1.2503 -1.1223 TD 0 Tc [(8.)-500.4(Kohns)-355.2(P,)-350.8(Zhou)-356.2(P,)-356.9(Stormann)-351.1(R.)-358.8(Effective)-354.8(laser)-357.7(ablation)-355.5(of)]TJ 1.2503 -1.1284 TD [(enamel)-427.2(and)-419.4(dentine)-423(without)-421.7(thermal)-424.9(side)-424.2(effects.)-425.5(J)-420.1(Laser)]TJ 0 -1.1223 TD [(Appl)-337(1997;9\(3\):171174.)]TJ -1.2503 -1.1284 TD [(9.)-500.4(Serafetinides)-432.3(AA,)-430.5(Khabbaz)-436.1(MG,)-428.1(Makropoulou)-433.8(MI,)-428.9(et)-430.9(al.)]TJ 1.2503 -1.1223 TD [(Picosecond)-290(laser)-284.5(ablation)-288.4(of)-289.3(dentine)-282.7(in)-286.4(endodontics.)-288.6(Lasers)]TJ 0 -1.1284 TD [(Med)-333.3(Sci)-336.3(1999;14\(3\):168174.)]TJ -1.7505 -1.1223 TD -.0166 Tc [(1)-16.6(0)-16.6(.)-517.1(K)-16.6(i)-16.6(m)-371.4(BM,)-303.3(F)4.8(ei)-4(t)-296.7(M)-3.8(D,)-303.3(Ru)-16.6(b)13.6(e)-2.6(nchi)-4(k)-297.3(A)0(M)-3.8(,)-297.2(et)-302.8(al.)-297.2(I)-16.6(n)11.3()-1.3(uence)-301.5(o)1.6(f)-299.6(p)-16.6(u)13.6(l)-4(se)]TJ 1.7505 -1.1284 TD -.0174 Tc [(du)-17.4(r)10.5(a)2.7(t)-4.8(i)1.3(o)-17.4(n)-200.7(on)-212.7(ul)-4.8(trash)-17.4(o)12.8(rt)-212.1(l)-4.8(a)2.7(s)-4.5(e)-3.4(r)-208.9(p)-17.4(u)12.8(l)1.3(s)-4.5(e)-210.8(abl)-4.8(a)-3.4(ti)-4.8(on)-212.7(of)-215(bio)-17.4(l)13.4(o)-17.4(g)12.8(ical)-212.1(ti)-4.8(ss)-4.5(ues)-4.5(.)]TJ 0 -1.1223 TD -.0179 Tc [(J)-279.4(B)-4.5(i)-5.3(o).3(med)-280.3(O)-17.9(p)10.7(t)-279.7(2)-17.9(0)12.3(01)-17.9(;)12.9(6)-17.9(\()10(3).3(\):3)-17.9(3)12.3(2)-17.9(3)12.3(3).3(8)-17.9(;)-267.7(do)-17.9(i)12.9(:)-285.8(10)12.5(.11)-17.9(1)12.3(7).3(/)-5.3(1)12.5(.13)-17.9(8)12.3(1).3(5)-17.9(6)12.3(1.)]TJ -1.7505 -1.1284 TD 0 Tc [(11.)-500.5(Rode)-412.1(AV,)-406.1(Gamaly)-412.4(EG,)-412.5(Luther-Davies)-410.9(B,)-407.5(et)-412.6(al.)-406.5(Precision)]TJ 1.7505 -1.1223 TD [(ablation)-489.7(of)-490.5(dental)-490(enamel)-488.2(using)-487.2(a)-486.2(subpicosecond)-494(pulsed)]TJ 0 -1.1284 TD .0251 Tc [(las)-4.6(e)2.5(r.)-414.1(Aus)-4.6(t)-413.6(Dent)-413.6(J)-413.3(2).6(0)-5.5(03;4)-5.5(8).6(\(4\):2)-5.5(3323)-5.5(9;)-413.6(doi)-5(:)-413.6(1).6(0)-29.9(.111)-5.5(1/j)]TJ 0 -1.1223 TD 0 Tc (.1834-7819.2003.tb00036.x.)Tj -1.7505 -1.1284 TD [(12.)-500.5(Strassl)-251.5(M,)-243.4(Wieger)-247.2(V,)-251.9(Brodoceanu)-246.9(D,)-245.8(et)-247.9(al.)-248(Ultra-short)-249.6(pulse)]TJ 1.7505 -1.1223 TD [(laser)-302.8(ablation)-300.6(of)-295.4(biological)-306.4(hard)-293.8(tissue)-301(and)-303.5(biocompatibles.)]TJ 0 -1.1284 TD [(J)-334.7(Laser)-335.7(Micro)-335.3(Nanoeng)-334.3(2008;3:3040.)]TJ -1.7505 -1.1284 TD [(13.)-500.5(Portillo)-424.9(M)18.9(u)0(n)30.2(o)18.2(z)-352(M)12.8(,)-353.8(L)16.3(o)18.2(r)15.8(e)14(n)18.2(z)14(o)-353.9(L)16.3(u)18.2(e)14(n)18.2(go)-341.8(M)18.9(C)13.4(,)-347.7(S)15.3(a)14(n)18.2(c)14(h)0(e)32.1(z)-358.1(L)16.3(l)18.7(or)27.9(e)20.1(n)0(t)30.8(e)]TJ 1.7505 -1.1223 TD -.0173 Tc [(J)-4.4(M)1.6(,)-297.9(e)-3.3(t)-303.5(a)-3.3(l.)-297.9(M)-4.5(o).9(rp)-17.3(h)12.9(o).9(l)-4.7(o).9(g)-17.3(i)13.5(cal)-297.4(alt)-4.7(e)-3.3(ratio)-17.3(n)12.9(s)-303.2(in)-304.1(dent)-4.7(ine)-302.2(a)-3.3(ft)-4.7(er)-300.3(m)-4.8(e)-3.3(ch)-17.3(a)8.7(n).9(-)]TJ 0 -1.1284 TD -.0154 Tc [(ical)-460.2(treatment)-460.2(a)4.7(n)-15.4(d)-442.6(u)-15.4(l)15.4(t)-2.8(ra)4.7(sho)-15.4(r)12.5(t)-454.1(p)-15.4(u)14.8(l)-2.8(se)-458.9(la)4.7(ser)-457(i)3.3(rrad)-15.4(i)15.4(ation)-15.4(.)-442.6(Lase)4.7(rs)]TJ 0 -1.1223 TD 0 Tc [(M)12.8(e)20.1(d)-231.9(S)21.4(c)14(i)-231.3(2)18.2(0)18.2(1)0(2)30.2(;)18.7(27)30.2(\()15.8(1)18.2(\))15.8(:)12.6(5)18.2(3)0()30.2(5)18.2(8;)-213.2(d)18.2(o)0(i)30.8(:)-225.2(10)48.5(.1)30.3(0)18.2(0)0(7)30.2(/)12.6(s)19(1)0(0)30.2(1)18.2(03)30.2(-)15.8(0)18.2(10)30.2(-)15.8(0)18.2(84)30.2(5)18.2(-)15.8(2.)]TJ -1.7505 -1.1284 TD [(14.)-500.5(Luengo)-476.6(M)18.9(C)13.4(,)-402.6(P)15.3(o)18.2(r)15.8(t)12.6(i)18.7(l)12.6(l)18.7(o)-402.7(M)12.8(,)-402.6(S)15.3(a)14(n)18.2(c)14(h)18.2(e)14(z)-406.9(J)19(M)12.8(,)-402.6(e)14(t)-402.1(a)14(l)18.7(.)-402.6(E)16.3(v)0(a)26(l)18.7(u)18.2(a)14(t)12.6(i)18.7(o)18.2(n)-408.8(o)18.2(f)]TJ 1.7505 -1.1223 TD -.0166 Tc [(mi)-4(crom)-4.1(orph)-16.6(o)13.6(l)2.1(o)-16.6(g)13.6(i)-4(c)3.5(al)-205.2(ch)-16.6(a)9.4(nges)-204.9(i)2.1(n)-199.7(t)-4(oot)-4(h)-199.7(e)-2.6(nam)-4.1(e)3.5(l)-205.2(a)-2.6(fter)-202(mechani)-4(cal)]TJ 0 -1.1284 TD -.0157 Tc [(and)-265.9(u)-15.7(l)15.1(t)-3.1(rafast)-265.3(laser)-262.1(p)-15.7(r)12.2(e)4.4(p)-15.7(a)10.3(ratio)-15.7(n)]TJ 11.8264 0 TD [(of)-268.2(su)-15.7(r)12.2(f).1(ac)4.4(e)-270.1(cavities.)-265.8(Lasers)-265(Med)]TJ -11.8264 -1.1223 TD -.0176 Tc [(Sci)-279.4(2).6(0)-17.6(1)12.6(3;)-5(28)-17.6(\()10.3(1).6(\):2)-17.6(6)12.6(7)-17.6(2)12.6(7).6(3)-17.6(;)-267.4(d)-17.6(o)12.6(i:)-285.5(10)12.8(.10)-17.6(0)12.6(7).6(/)-5(s)1.4(1)-17.6(0)12.6(1)-17.6(0)12.6(3-0)-17.6(1)12.6(2-1)-17.6(1)12.6(44)-17.6(-)10.3(x).6(.)]TJ -1.7505 -1.1284 TD 0 Tc [(15.)-500.5(Zach)-236.6(L,)-240(C)19.5(o)24.3(h)18.2(e)20.1(n)-128.2(G)16.6(.)-128.2(P)21.4(u)18.2(l)24.8(p)-134.3(r)21.9(e)20.1(s)19(p)24.3(o)24.3(n)18.2(s)19(e)-132.4(t)24.8(o)-134.3(e)20.1(x)24.3(t)18.7(e)20.1(r)21.9(n)24.3(a)20.1(l)18.7(l)24.8(y)-134.3(a)20.1(p)24.3(p)18.2(l)24.8(i)18.7(e)20.1(d)-134.3(h)24.3(e)20.1(a)20.1(t)18.7(.)-128.2(O)22.7(r)15.8(a)20.1(l)]TJ 1.7505 -1.1223 TD -.0194 Tc [(Su)4.9(rg)-245.2(Oral)-250.7(Med)-245.2(O)3.3(ral)-250.7(P)2(at)5.4(ho)4.9(l)-250.7(O)3.3(ral)-250.7(R).1(ad)4.9(io)4.9(l)-250.7(1)4.9(96)4.9(5;)5.4(19)4.9(\(4\):)5.4(51)4.9(5)4.9(53)4.9(0.)]TJ 25.2569 71.7575 TD 0 Tc [(16.)-500.5(Lagunov)-367(VL,)-357.6(Rybachuk)-362(M,)-359.3(Itthagarun)-367.1(A,)-361.6(et)-357.7(al.)-363.8(Modica-)]TJ 1.7505 -1.1223 TD [(tion)-347.1(of)-344.2(dental)-349.7(enamel,)-348(dentin)-345.5(by)-341.8(an)-346(ultra-fast)-349.7(femtosecond)]TJ 0 -1.1284 TD [(laser)-382(irradiation:)-384(A)-379.9(systematic)-382.2(review.)-384.7(Opt)-379.6(Laser)-378.4(Technol)]TJ 0 -1.1223 TD (2022;155:108439.)Tj -1.7505 -1.1283 TD [(17.)-500.5(Sun)-314.4(YC,)-311.7(Vorobyev)-314.2(A,)-312.9(Chen)-314.5(H,)-312.9(et)-315(al.)-309(Preliminary)-320.4(study)-310.3(on)]TJ 1.7505 -1.1223 TD [(tooth)-463.1(enamel)-469.9(and)-462.1(dentin)-461.4(efciency)-468(of)-460(femtosecond)-466(laser)]TJ 0 -1.1284 TD [(CNC)-334.8(cutting.)-339(Chin)-334.1(J)-334.7(Stomatol)-335.5(2013;48\(1\):5859.)]TJ -1.7505 -1.1223 TD [(18.)-500.5(Chen)-314.5(H,)-306.8(Liu)-312.8(J,)-304.3(Ge)-311(WQ,)-311.3(et)-308.9(al.)-309(Effect)-314.1(of)-307.6(energy)-310.5(density)-314.3(and)]TJ 1.7505 -1.1284 TD [(scanning)-343.6(speed)-337.6(on)-335.7(tooth)-341.1(cutting)-339(efciency)-339.9(of)-338.1(femtosecond)]TJ 0 -1.1223 TD [(laser.)-339.4(Chin)-334.1(J)-334.7(Stomatol)-335.5(2013;48\(5\):299302.)]TJ -1.7505 -1.1284 TD [(19.)-500.5(Cangueiro)-431(LT,)-431.1(Vilar)-428.5(R.)-431.9(Inuence)-427.6(of)-429.6(the)-431(pulse)-424.3(frequency)]TJ 1.7505 -1.1223 TD [(and)-498.7(water)-500.4(cooling)-498.1(on)-494.3(the)-492(femtosecond)-502.6(laser)-497.9(ablation)-495.8(of)]TJ 0 -1.1284 TD [(bovine)-541.2(cortical)-545(bone.)-541.6(Applied)-536.3(Surf)-544.8(Sci)-537.6(2013;283:1012)]TJ T* [(1017;)-335.6(doi:)-334.9(10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.07.061.)]TJ -1.7505 -1.1223 TD [(20.)-500.5(Petrov)-436.7(T,)-435.2(Pecheva)-441.6(E,)-435.1(Walmsley)-438.4(AD,)-430.5(et)-437(al.)-437(Femtosecond)]TJ 1.7505 -1.1284 TD [(laser)-345.5(ablation)-343.3(of)-338.1(dentin)-345.5(and)-340.1(enamel)-341.9(for)-340.5(fast)-341.1(and)-340.1(more)-342.1(pre-)]TJ 0 -1.1223 TD 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